Govt's action plan for the Blue Revolution has Quality Production Management, meaning deliverable goals, timelines and costs. All the key components are properly addressed (see link 2 & 3).
Deep sea fishing - gets a major push
* Inadequately exploited EEZ. Fishery Survey of India for EEZ surveys and officer training, to be expanded and upgraded.
* Fishing in high seas can increase the catch by ten times (see link 4). Deepwater prawns and squids found ( link 5).
* Early warning facilities and coastal disaster proofing for natural calamities.
* Onshore fisheries stations, cold chains, marketing facilities, upgraded logistics.
* Grants for housing and community infra.
* Financial support for large trawlers, conversions, upgrade in technologies.
* IT & Satcom, GPS tracking, eco-sonar and rescue beacon.
* Skills training. Insurance cover. Assistance during the ban period.
* Compulsory registration, enforced bans to improve stocks. A greater role for coast guards in security, policing and rescue.
Caged fishing - a revolution in itself
* Huge unexplored regions and under-exploited water bodies.
* Landing centres, cold chains, ice makers, driers, hygienic marketing facilities and allied industries are being created.
* Low-cost hatcheries or fish seed farms in JV with the private sector.
* Subsidized equipment and low-cost finance.
* To improve species mix, apply scientific practices and better support (training, demonstration, advice).
* Area mapped for salt marshes, estuaries, waterlogged land, ponds, tanks, canals besides lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams, large marine bays.
* Marine caged fisheries around the coast and sheltered bays.
* Brackish wetlands, water-logged areas, estuaries totalling 1.4 m Ha has been identified. Unused area (89% of total) were ear-marked for shrimps or mud crabs.
* Large freshwater bodies can support marine-styled caged fisheries.
* Hilly cold waters, ponds, tanks, paddy fields, streams and irrigation canals are being improved, developed and/ or exploited.
* Fingerlings can be breed from pathogen-free fry in situ, to improve availability and reduce transit losses (see Jharkhand).
* Standard practice adopted should include: regular cleaning, feeding, disposal of dead fish; checks on fry size, health (reaction to feeding) to segregate weaker growing fry and transfer well-sized fingerling to separate cages or large water bodies.
Reference: http://pubs.iclarm.net/resource_centre/WF_2496.pdf
Mariculture - endless possibilities
* Good variety, markets for species incl. exports.
* High productivity in a limited area (e.g. 35 kg/m3), good profitability.
* Enormous capacity to scale up ( i.e. cage size, nos of cages in a farm, nos of farms in a cluster; so, 1 cluster of 5 farms, each farm has 50 cages).
* Secluded sites ideal like lagoons, bays. Floating cages withstand higher depths, winds and waves. Submersible and deep-sea cluster possible.
* Endemic species of fish preferred, suited to water conditions, temps, salinity, oxygen and pollution; and likely fluctuations of same. Fish eg. cobia, bass, grouper, snappers, mullets, lobsters.
* Mixed culture like mussels (seeded ropes) and seaweed useful; short season culture can be done during fishing bans.
* (My input: smart monitoring or automation will take mariculture to the next level).
http://www.incois.gov.in/documents/ITCOocean/Mariculturesociety.pdf
Efforts in individual states
Maharashtra:
MH offers investors 4000 ha or 1% reservoir/dams for high-density caged fishing, ie 5 to 7k fingerlings/ cage or yield of 5 tonnes. Fish feed availability, skill development and all clearances pre-arranged. Real-time monitoring proposed for water and fish (weight, nutrients, size). Fish such as tilapia, pangasius, basa, Asian bass, shrimps (see link 6). Also promotes inland brackish waters (shrimp) and marine sites. Revenue upward of Rs 2000 crore expected from dams. Dredging can yield high nutrient soil (see link 7).
Jharkhand
Huge scope to grow fish farming. Pond fishing (Matasya Mitra) has been very successful, so more are being dug. It expects to scale up caged farming in reservoirs, from 2100 cages to 5000 cages / 20,000 MT in FY18 (see link 8). 50k fry (3g) are added to each cage. Fish such as pangasius, rohu and katla.
Kerala:
Calm waters off Kerala (and W KA) are good for deep sea cage farming, sized 13m dia X 30m deep (!). Expected to produce 90 tonnes/ cage (!!) of cobia, pompano, grouper and sea bass (see link 9).
Telangana
Surge in growth of f/w fish and prawns (2010/11 to 2014/15, total @18%pa& prawns @ 40%pa) (see link 10). Cage fishing for breeding fingerlings started in 6 major reservoirs; 2 x 6 cages each. Following others, intends to scale up rapidly. Moving water of reservoirs washes nitrate/ nitrite pollution making it ideal for intensive rearing (see link 11).
See others at:
http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/vars/country/in/
PM Narendra Modi's 'Neel Kranti' for fishing needs Rs 17,199 crore, government talks to World Bank
1 comment:
1.
http://www.icar.org.in/en/fisheries.htm
ICAR - extensive program of R & D
+ Remote sensing, data collection and impact studies of fisheries, river development, climate change, etc on ecology.
+ Generic development of fish stock, dealing with waste, creating healthy and high growth micro-environment, etc. Examples of successes:
1) Brood banks to supply certified broods to hatcheries (see link 2).Breeding tech and hatcheries management or guides for tilapia, pangasius and shrimp.
3) Open sea cage farming of sea bass and lobsters. Large sea cage farming trialed off Kerala for cobia, pompano and groupers.
4) Shrimp farming in inland saline area with good production. Northern states can be developed.
5) Carp farming technology developed for hilly areas; also commercial farming of brown trout in these cold waters.
6) Standardization of cages and pens, and expected yields.
2.& 3.
http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=131762
http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=130295
Background information.
4.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/business/govt-to-help-fishermen-buy-trawlers-explore-deep-seas/article8383664.ece
5.
http://www.worldfishing.net/news101/regional-focus/india-looks-to-raise-marine-fisheries-production
6.& 7.
http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-maharashtra-plans-policy-to-promote-cage-culture-for-fresh-water-fish-2240545
http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/govt-to-promote-fishing-in-dams-to-bring-rs-2000-crore-revenue-2918605/
8.
http://www.fiapo.org/newsandevents/jharkhand-to-start-exporting-fishes-from-2017-18/
9.
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/commodities/kerala-widens-fish-export-platter/articleshow/50800302.cms
10.
http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Telangana/2016-03-09/Fisheries-fast-growing-sector-in-Bangaru-Telangana/212418
11.
http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/25692/telangana-stae-opts-for-cage-culture/
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